The San Remo decisions assigned Britain the mandate for Palestine in April 1920. The League of Nations Council approved the Mandate text on July 24, 1922, in Geneva. It recognized the Jewish people’s historical connection and directed Britain to secure conditions for a Jewish national home while protecting the civil and religious rights of all inhabitants.
What San Remo and the Mandate said
The April 25 resolution selected Britain as mandatory power and incorporated the Balfour Declaration’s national-home commitment. It did not itself create a sovereign state. The Mandate’s preamble recorded the historical connection of the Jewish people; Article 2 made Britain responsible for political, administrative and economic conditions that would secure the national home. Article 6 called for facilitating Jewish immigration and Jewish communities on the land, while safeguarding the rights of other inhabitants. Read the U.S. Office of the Historian’s account of San Remo alongside the Mandate text.
How Article 25 applied east of the Jordan
Article 25 permitted Britain, with League Council consent, to postpone or withhold selected Mandate provisions in the territory east of the Jordan River and make separate administrative arrangements there. In 1921, Britain established the Emirate of Transjordan under Emir Abdullah. In 1922, the League Council approved the British memorandum applying Article 25 there; the national-home provisions were not applied east of the river. Transjordan became independent in 1946, after a British-Transjordan treaty signed on March 22. The U.S. diplomatic record dates Britain’s formal recognition to that treaty. This was an Article 25 arrangement within the Mandate framework, not an instant creation of a sovereign state in 1921. The League’s Article 25 memorandum states the authority and its limits.
The Mandate therefore set a national-home obligation west of the Jordan and allowed a distinct administration east of it. For the related story of the political institutions and defense organizations built under British rule, see the Yishuv’s institutions and Haganah.